Photovoltaic Solar Energy

Photovoltaic in general refers to combination of technologies that convert sunlight radiation into electricity, with the use of a solar cell. Among other electricity productions such as coal and nuclear, solar energy has been considered suitable to environment and does not require a lot of water or space. The photovoltaic energy generator is also capable of renewing the energy that was utilized in its making, within three to six years, that is expected to be used efficiently to produce energy for approximately ten years (Lorenzo, 2004). Considering the cost of solar cells that are used in the photovoltaic modules are cheaper to acquire in comparison to the other energy sources. In addition, the present day photovoltaic technology is viewed to be powerful in producing quality products and with enough capacity to work under different infrastructure settings and conditions.

           Photovoltaic (PV) systems are either utilized in on/off grid modes. The on-grid modes refer to the set up whereby the photovoltaic system is connected directly to the electricity grid that is available. This means that, it is feasible to install the PV systems on roof tops of houses and offices (Lorenzo, 2004). Therefore, the energy that is absorbed meets a greater percentage of the overall energy required in the entire building. Solar roof slates replaces the convectional materials, while the flexible film modules are integrated into vaulted roofs. PV is also used to supply power to buildings during summer days, when the cooling loads require the maximum energy. Thus, the photovoltaic assists in decreasing the electricity load, while helping an effective and efficient demand side management (DSM) measure. DSM concept refers to when power utility meets power demand from its customers, with an attempt to fulfill the current and the future needs.